Improvement in drills foe wells



@geiten tstrs tttmt @fitta WASHINGTON TINGLEY, OF NEW' YORK, N. Y.

Letters Patent No. 63,338, dated March 26, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRILLS FOR WELLS.

TO ALL WHOM I'I MAY CONCERN:

' Be it known that I, WASHINGTON TINGLEY, ot the city, county, and Stato of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Drills for il and other Wells; and I do hereby declare `that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whichwill enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same,` reference being had to the acompanyingdrawing, forming part of this specication, in'which-v Figure l is an axial section of a drill, made according to my invention, the plane of section vbeing seen at y, fig. 2. i

Figure 2 is-.an epd view, looking at .the face of the drill.

Figure 3 isa view of the inside of the cap or top, I, of the drillstock.

Figure I is a top view, with the cap I removed. l i

Figure 5 is a side view.

The object of this invention is to improve the construction of drills for oil and other wells, sothat they will penetrate' the rock with ease and rapidity, rcam out the bore as the drill -advances into the rock, and keep the bore at its full diameter, and also gather with-in itself the detritus produced by the action of the drill, after' the manner of a sand-pump.

A designates the stock, and D the cutting part of a drill for boringa deep well. The stock is hollow, and is provided with a shaft, B, which extends from near its joint with the cutter or drill up to its top, the greater part of the length of said shaft, that is to say, from itsulower end' nearly to its top, being made with a spiral course, after the mannerof a screw. The top of this shaft is tted within the stock, and is suspended therein by means of a shoulder, J, formed on the shaft, which meets a like shoulder within the stock, and it is held down by means of,a cap, I, whcse'inner end is made concave, so as to form a cavity, K, between it and the top of' the shaft, from which cavity a. passage, t, extends centrally through the cap to its top. h ZL are also passages through Ithe cup, which coincide .with like passages made through the head or top of the shaft Brand which passages Zt, together with the passages t before mentioned, establish communications between the hollow space, g, of the hollow drill-stock and the outside' of the drill.

r The drill itself is cylindrical in form, like the stock, and also hollow, its hollow space O being shut off from thc space g of the stock by a valve, C, which is allowed to play between the lower end of the shaft B, and the upper end of the drill. It may bc guided to its seat by making `the face of the seat concave, or by any other suitable means. The central space O of the drill is divided, as it nears the cutting surface, into two channels ff, seen in cross-section in iig. l, and in plan in the inverted view given by ig. 2. These channels are sepa= rated from cach other by the diametrical cutter n, which extends clear across'the drill. This cutter n is conL nectcd at its ends with short lateral cutters Z Z, which join it on opposite sides. These cutters Zare'curved, being part of the circumference of thc drill. They forni, in connect-ion with the cutter n., a Z-shaped drill.

The cylindrical sides of the drill, between the ends of the cutter n on alternate sidesand Athe beginning of then cutters Zon each side, 4are cut away so as to form curved cutting edges m, resembling a parabolic curve. It will be observed that the diameter of the drill is greater at lthe top of the curved cutting edges, m, than it is above that point, its diameter at that place being equal to its diameter in the plane of the cutter n, The cutters m l uct asn-earners at cach descent of the'tool, and keep the bore at its full diameter. It will be observed that the curves of the cutting edges m do not extend from end to ond of the diametrical cutter t2, but fromalternate ends to the beginning of the wing cutters Z. The radii of their curves are shorter on the edge towards the cutters Z than on the edge which extends to the end of cutter at. This'is true of each 4cutter m, but at alternate cdgesnand the effect ofthis construction is to make' alternate halves or parts of cach cutter m descend towards thevwing, cutters Zin an oblique direction, whereby they will give a drawing stroke, as compared with that part fof their edges which meets the ends of" the straight cutter n.. The effect of this construction will be to causev the drill to bc rotated at cach descent, so that it will strike in a new spot. The detritus will be forced upwards, through thc side channclsj', into thc space g ofthe stock, where it will bc kept by the valve- C. Att-cach streit?,- additions will bc made to the mass so held in the stock, and the mass will be forced up the spiral sides of the shaft B, the shape of which vwill lprevent the mass from falling back rapidly towards the mouth of tive stock.

The water received in the stock isfree to escape through thc passages h-h and t above. full of'. solid matter, the drill is hauled up, :md it can be emptied by removing the cap I und the shaft, B,

I claim as new, und desire to secure by Letters Patent-f In combination, the Zs haped cutting surface composed of the parts n l l and the curved teaming cutters m, whose edges on alternate sides are made oblique.y so as to effect n. drawing cut on the sides of the bore, substantially as shown.

WASHINGTON TINGLEY.

Witnesses:

M. M. LIVINGSTON, C. L. TOPLIFF.

When the space g isV 

